Jordan’s renewable energy sector underwent significant transformation in 2024. The Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (MEMR) introduced the updated Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Law (12) of 2024, followed by Bylaw (58) of 2024. Effective September 2024, prosumers in Jordan can now choose from four on-grid solar PV connection mechanisms:
- Wheeling (off-site solar PV systems)
- Net Billing
- Zero to Grid
- Buy-All / Sell-All
The bylaw imposes a “Grid Fee” on all mechanisms except Buy-All / Sell-All, with varying rates for different consumer types. Additionally, it set the annual specific electricity production from solar PV at 1,800 kWh/kWp/year and fixed the DC:AC ratio at 1.5 for residential and 1.2 for other sectors. Residential solar PV systems are now capped at 5.4 kWp for single-phase meters and 15 kWp for three-phase meters.
Electricity Tariffs for Residential Sector
The electricity tariffs for the residential sector in Jordan were changed starting 1st of April 2022, and it was divided into two categories; Supported and Un-supported as shown in Figure 1 below.
Figure 1. Electricity Tariffs for the Residential Sector in Jordan starting 1st April 2022
Each Jordanian family can apply to have one electricity meter with supported electricity tariffs. The supported step-up tariffs have three tiers as follows:
- (1 – 300 KWh) pay $0.0705 USD/KWh
- (301 – 600 KWh) pay $0.141 USD/KWh
- (Above 600 KWh) pay $0.282 USD/KWh
Unsupported step-up two-tier electricity tariffs are applied to additional meters that Jordanian families have, and are also applied to non-Jordanians. Following are the unsupported two step tariffs:
- (1 – 1,000 KWh) pay $0.1693 USD/KWh
- (Above 1,000 KWh) pay $0.2116 USD/KWh
Dynamic Tariffs and Time-of-Use (ToU) Pricing
On July 1, 2024, Jordan introduced dynamic electricity tariffs for six sectors. Dynamic tariffs expanded into twelve sectors by January 2025, and are expected to cover all sectors by end of 2025.The Time-of-Use (ToU) tariffs divides consumption into three periods as follows:
- Off-Peak (5 AM–5 PM) – Lowest rates to align with peak solar generation.
- Peak (5 PM–11 PM) – Higher rates as demand shifts to thermal power.
- Partial Peak (11 PM–5 AM) – Moderate rates during lower nighttime demand with no generation from the solar PV.
This structure incentivizes daytime electricity use when solar generation is abundant while reflecting higher costs for evening thermal power reliance.
Residential Solar PV Options
The previously available Net Metering scheme has been discontinued with the issue of Bylaw (58) of year 2024. Since September 2024, new residential prosumers have three connection mechanisms available for them to choose from:
- Net Billing: Excess monthly daytime generation is purchased by the electricity distribution companies at $0.0705/kWh during each ToU period and pay the residential sector monthly grid fee. Residential sector prosumers under the supported electricity tariffs consuming above 600 KWh/month in any period pay ($0.282/kWh), making battery storage increasingly attractive.
- Zero-to-Grid: Prosumers cannot export to the grid and must size their PV systems strictly for daytime use. In addition, the prosumer pays the residential monthly grid fee.
- Buy-All /Sell-All: A separate electricity meter is installed at this facility and all generated electricity from the solar PV system is sold to the grid at $0.0705/kWh (residential) and at $0.0564/kWh for all other sectors.
Growth in Distributed Solar PV
By the end of 2024, Jordan’s three electricity distribution companies reported 1,196 MWAC total installed capacity with 82,780 systems across all sectors as shown in Figure 2 below:
Figure 2. Total installed solar PV capacity on distribution grids in Jordan by end 2024
Breakdown by provider:
- JEPCO: 35,176 systems (658.176 MWAC)
- IDECO: 32,480 systems (333.500 MWAC)
- EDCO: 15,124 systems (204.700 MWAC)
Assuming an average overall DC:AC ratio for all systems on the distribution grids of 1.2 and annual production of 1.56 GWh/MWP, these systems generated an estimated 2,240 GWh in 2024 equivalent to 9% of Jordan’s total electricity sales (22,323 GWh) as reported by the National Electric Power Company (NEPCO) on their website.
Utility-Scale Solar Expansion
The 1 MWAC cap on solar projects, imposed in 2019, was lifted in September 2024, spurring large-scale developments. In April 2025, MEMR announced a 200 MWAC solar tender under a Build-Own-Operate (BOO) model, signaling renewed investment in utility-scale renewables.
Technological Advancements
Key innovations driving adoption include:
- According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), battery costs have dropped more than 75% between 2015 – 2024. This is enabling the local prosumers to use the storage technologies to offset peak electricity tariffs.
- Higher-efficiency solar modules, including TOPCon (Tunnel Oxide Passivated Contact) advanced solar cell technology that can be combined with 0BB design, which reduces shading losses by up to 70%.
- PV modules have achieved low degradation rates of 0.35% per year after the first year.
- Amid rising global occurrences of severe weather events—including the hailstorm that struck Amman, Jordan, in May 2023, damaging solar PV modules in the Shafa’a Badran area—Philadelphia Solar successfully launched its 55mm anti-hail PV module. Specifically engineered to endure extreme weather conditions, the module has undergone and passed rigorous IEC certification testing for hail impact, demonstrating resilience against hailstones with diameters of up to 55mm.
- LONGi, a leading manufacturer of PV modules, announced at Intersolar Munich in May 2025 the commencement of mass production of 54-cell transparent bifacial modules with a maximum efficiency of 25.0% backed by a 30-year power and material warranty.
Renewables’ Share in the Energy Mix
While official data for 2024 remains pending, renewables are projected to maintain a share of approximately 27% of electricity generation, despite rising demand driven by the electrification of heating, cooling, and electric vehicles (EVs).
Jordan’s solar sector is poised for continued growth, supported by progressive regulatory policies, cost-effective technological advancements, an increase in global production expected to grow from 600 GW in 2024 to reach 1 terawatt per year (1 TW/year) by 2030, and a growing shift toward decentralized energy generation.
Share of renewables from the overall electricity generated
The 2024 share of electricity generated from renewable energy sources has not been announced by NEPCO or MEMR as of the time of writing this article. With the continuous growth of electricity consumption due to electrification of heating, increase in cooling loads, and increase in EV adoption, it is expected that the percentage of will remain the same around 27%.
Jordan’s solar PV advancements offer a compelling model for Middle Eastern nations facing energy and climate challenges. By embracing progressive policies like dynamic tariffs and decentralized solar with several connection mechanisms, Jordan demonstrates how countries can enhance energy security and reduce emissions. Its success highlights the potential for regional climate resilience through renewable innovation, inspiring countries developing their renewable energy regulatory frameworks to adopt similar strategies.
Jordan proves that even resource-limited nations can lead in the global shift toward clean energy, setting an example for a sustainable, decentralized future in the region.
